VCP::Branches(3)

NAME
VCP::Branches - Introduction to transferring branches with VCP

DESCRIPTION
VCP can be used to transfer branched files from one repository to another. To do this in a repository-independant fashion, it associates a branch_id with each revision of each file. This branch_id is assigned by the VCP source module extracting the files from the source repository.

The "branch_id" is logically independant from the name or the revision number of the file. This is because different repositories encode the branching topology in different ways. CVS encodes it in the "rev_id" and in branch tags, p4 encodes it in metadata that is not a part of the file's "name" or "rev_id", and does not associate a name with a branch (p4 users are free to do so in several ways however).

So, without knowing the source repository in question, all you can say is that a branched file will have a different "branch_id" than any other branch of that file. Specifically:

1.  by default, "branch_id"s are not guaranteed to be a name from the source repository

2.  by default "branch_id"s are not guaranteed to be the same across all files in what you or I would call a branch

Both of these facts are rather horrifying, but inescapable. For instance, neither CVS nor p4 mandates that a branch be labelled, tagged, or specified with a branch tag, and both allow you to mix files branched from different places and times in the repository in to what a user would think of as a branch. There is no reliable way for a tool like VCP to accurately label all files with "branch_id"s in either of these types of repository with a meaningful name that matches what a user thinks of as a branch.

However, if a source repository has been maintained with good labelling (for CVS) or good branch specifications (for p4), VCP will get pretty close and, given a source repository where all branched files are covered by a named identity like a branch tag or specification, the "branch_id"s will be consistent and meaningful, being the CVS branch tag or the name of the (one) p4 branch specification covering a branch.

Currently, there is no way to cause VCP to error out when it silently makes up a "branch_id". That's a limitation that will be addressed, probably using the map filter.

For transfers between repositories of like minds, this is not much of an issue, VCP's default behavior should be appropriate in most cases without using a map filter. The source module will put as meaningful a value as it can in to the "branch_id" and the destination module will use it appropriately. Note that the made-up "branch_id" values can leak in to destination repositories when doing this with VCP; they will be used as branch tags in lieu of the branch tag that was missing from the source repositories.

When transferring between repositories of different types, however, it is important to understand the topology of the source repository very well and use VCP's map filter to correctly map source branches to destination branches. In particular, if you want to use "branch_id"s extracted by VCP to mean something in the target repository, then you need to be sure that VCP is extracting meaningful "branch_ids" that you can use and not making any up.

For instance, a typical CVS to p4 conversion map might look like:

    Source:       cvs:....source details & options here...

    Destination:  p4:....dest details & options here...

    Map:
            (...)<>     main/$1
            (...)<(*)>  $2/$1

See the map filter for details on undestanding that, but it takes all files with an empty branch_id and puts them under the "main" directory and all files on a branch and places them under directories named after the "branch_id"s. The "<>" and "<(*)>" parts of the source patterns match the unbranched and branched >> revisions, respectively.

Now, if all of the revisions being transferred have meaningful "branch_id"s associated with them, that map will suffice.

On the other hand, if VCP has had to make up "branch_id"s, you'll get some unexpected directories in your target repository.

Currently, VCP does not help you find branches that aren't well labelled in source repositories, unfortunately. One day it will.

The best way to do this with the current version is either to try it and see what happens, or to do a pre-conversion of the source repository to a RevML file and look for made up "branch_id"s:

    $ vcp <source_spec> revml:foo.revml
    $ grep "<branch_id>" foo.revml
    # look through grep's output for branch_ids that look like
    # _branch_... .  These were probably made up by VCP.

To associate a meaningful names with branches you can either tweak the source repository or add map rules.

Modifying a CVS source repository means adding the appropriate branch tags to the untagged branches. Modifying a p4 repository means adding or modifying a branch specification to cover the branched files.

If you don't want to modify the source repository, you can add an additional VCP map to force these revisions to have a meaningful "branch_id"s. (You can do this using the existing map, but for clarity's sake, we recommend using two maps. There should be no noticable overhead).

For instance, let's say that the source repository went through a the rush to get release candidate one out the door and, while most files got branched on to the RC1 branch with the branch tag of "RC1", one file got branched by a developer at the last moment and she didn't get a branch tag on there. We'll leave that developer's name out of the discussion because she's already suffered enough. You see, where she works, management really understands the importance of a properly maintained SCM repository and was rather severe with her.

Anway, here's how to add a map section before the map section we had above to rechristen the file in question into the proper branch:

    Source:       cvs:....source details & options here...

    Destination:  p4:....dest details & options here...

    Map:
            path/to/file<_branch_1.53.0.1> path/to/file<RC1>

    Map:
            (...)<>     main/$1
            (...)<(*)>  $2/$1

The first map section will be evaluated before the second, and will rewrite the branch_id on all revisions of the source file on the branch indicated. That branch label may look odd unless you understand CVS's magic branch numbers; specifically, that '0' is not an error.

If multiple files need to be dealt with like this, just add multiple rules to the first map. When dealing with this problem on some other types of source repository wildcards might be useful in that first map specification to relabel many files with one rule. But not with CVS: CVS does not supply useful branch metadata other than branch tags; magic branch numbers are related to the "rev_id" of the parent version of a file when a branch is made and that rarely can be used to determine a child file's branch.

On the other hand, if you're using VCP to reorganize a p4 repository by converting to a new repository and your site doesn't happen to use branch specifications, or has a few that aren't quite right for the purposes of your repository reorganization, you might want to associate "branch_id"s with well known directory names.

Here's a mapping that takes all names like "/branch_name/path/to/file" and copies the "branch_name" portion in to the "branch_id" without altering the file's name (path):

    Source:       p4:....source details & options here...

    Destination:  p4:....dest details & options here...

    Map:
            # Extract meaningful branch_ids by copying them
            # through $1.
            (*)/...            <$1>

    Map:
            # put the rules that reorganizes the tree here

AUTHOR
Barrie Slaymaker <barries@slaysys.com>

COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002 Perforce Software, Inc. All rights reserved.

See VCP::License ("vcp help license") for the terms of use.