std::net::TcpStream - Rust
Description: API documentation for the Rust `TcpStream` struct in crate `std`.
Keywords: rust, rustlang, rust-lang, TcpStream

# Struct std::net::TcpStream 1.0.0 [−] [src]

    pub struct TcpStream(_);

A TCP stream between a local and a remote socket.

After creating a `TcpStream` by either `connect`ing to a remote host or `accept`ing a connection on a `TcpListener`, data can be transmitted by reading and writing to it.

The connection will be closed when the value is dropped. The reading and writing portions of the connection can also be shut down individually with the `shutdown` method.

The Transmission Control Protocol is specified in IETF RFC 793.

# Examples

    use std::io::prelude::*;
    use std::net::TcpStream;

    {
        let mut stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:34254").unwrap();

        // ignore the Result
        let _ = stream.write(&[1]);
        let _ = stream.read(&mut [0; 128]); // ignore here too
    } // the stream is closed hereRun

## Methods

### `impl TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn connect<A: ToSocketAddrs>(addr: A) -> Result<TcpStream>`

Opens a TCP connection to a remote host.

`addr` is an address of the remote host. Anything which implements `ToSocketAddrs` trait can be supplied for the address; see this trait documentation for concrete examples. In case `ToSocketAddrs::to_socket_addrs()` returns more than one entry, then the first valid and reachable address is used.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    if let Ok(stream) = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080") {
        println!("Connected to the server!");
    } else {
        println!("Couldn't connect to server...");
    }Run

#### `fn connect_timeout(addr: &SocketAddr, timeout: Duration) -> Result<TcpStream>`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`tcpstream_connect_timeout` #43709)

Opens a TCP connection to a remote host with a timeout.

Unlike `connect`, `connect_timeout` takes a single `SocketAddr` since timeout must be applied to individual addresses.

It is an error to pass a zero `Duration` to this function.

Unlike other methods on `TcpStream`, this does not correspond to a single system call. It instead calls `connect` in nonblocking mode and then uses an OS-specific mechanism to await the completion of the connection request.

#### `fn peer_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr>`

Returns the socket address of the remote peer of this TCP connection.

# Examples

    use std::net::{Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, SocketAddrV4, TcpStream};

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    assert_eq!(stream.peer_addr().unwrap(),
               SocketAddr::V4(SocketAddrV4::new(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1), 8080)));Run

#### `fn local_addr(&self) -> Result<SocketAddr>`

Returns the socket address of the local half of this TCP connection.

# Examples

    use std::net::{Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, SocketAddrV4, TcpStream};

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    assert_eq!(stream.local_addr().unwrap(),
               SocketAddr::V4(SocketAddrV4::new(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1), 8080)));Run

#### `fn shutdown(&self, how: Shutdown) -> Result<()>`

Shuts down the read, write, or both halves of this connection.

This function will cause all pending and future I/O on the specified portions to return immediately with an appropriate value (see the documentation of `Shutdown`).

# Platform-specific behavior

Calling this function multiple times may result in different behavior, depending on the operating system. On Linux, the second call will return `Ok(())`, but on macOS, it will return `ErrorKind::NotConnected`. This may change in the future.

# Examples

    use std::net::{Shutdown, TcpStream};

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.shutdown(Shutdown::Both).expect("shutdown call failed");Run

#### `fn try_clone(&self) -> Result<TcpStream>`

Creates a new independently owned handle to the underlying socket.

The returned `TcpStream` is a reference to the same stream that this object references. Both handles will read and write the same stream of data, and options set on one stream will be propagated to the other stream.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    let stream_clone = stream.try_clone().expect("clone failed...");Run

#### `fn set_read_timeout(&self, dur: Option<Duration>) -> Result<()>`
1.4.0

Sets the read timeout to the timeout specified.

If the value specified is `None`, then `read` calls will block indefinitely. It is an error to pass the zero `Duration` to this method.

# Note

Platforms may return a different error code whenever a read times out as a result of setting this option. For example Unix typically returns an error of the kind `WouldBlock`, but Windows may return `TimedOut`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_read_timeout(None).expect("set_read_timeout call failed");Run

#### `fn set_write_timeout(&self, dur: Option<Duration>) -> Result<()>`
1.4.0

Sets the write timeout to the timeout specified.

If the value specified is `None`, then `write` calls will block indefinitely. It is an error to pass the zero `Duration` to this method.

# Note

Platforms may return a different error code whenever a write times out as a result of setting this option. For example Unix typically returns an error of the kind `WouldBlock`, but Windows may return `TimedOut`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_write_timeout(None).expect("set_write_timeout call failed");Run

#### `fn read_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>>`
1.4.0

Returns the read timeout of this socket.

If the timeout is `None`, then `read` calls will block indefinitely.

# Note

Some platforms do not provide access to the current timeout.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_read_timeout(None).expect("set_read_timeout call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.read_timeout().unwrap(), None);Run

#### `fn write_timeout(&self) -> Result<Option<Duration>>`
1.4.0

Returns the write timeout of this socket.

If the timeout is `None`, then `write` calls will block indefinitely.

# Note

Some platforms do not provide access to the current timeout.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_write_timeout(None).expect("set_write_timeout call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.write_timeout().unwrap(), None);Run

#### `fn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>`
1.18.0

Receives data on the socket from the remote adress to which it is connected, without removing that data from the queue. On success, returns the number of bytes peeked.

Successive calls return the same data. This is accomplished by passing `MSG_PEEK` as a flag to the underlying `recv` system call.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8000")
                           .expect("couldn't bind to address");
    let mut buf = [0; 10];
    let len = stream.peek(&mut buf).expect("peek failed");Run

#### `fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> Result<()>`
1.9.0

Sets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.

If set, this option disables the Nagle algorithm. This means that segments are always sent as soon as possible, even if there is only a small amount of data. When not set, data is buffered until there is a sufficient amount to send out, thereby avoiding the frequent sending of small packets.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_nodelay(true).expect("set_nodelay call failed");Run

#### `fn nodelay(&self) -> Result<bool>`
1.9.0

Gets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.

For more information about this option, see `set_nodelay`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_nodelay(true).expect("set_nodelay call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.nodelay().unwrap_or(false), true);Run

#### `fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> Result<()>`
1.9.0

Sets the value for the `IP_TTL` option on this socket.

This value sets the time-to-live field that is used in every packet sent from this socket.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_ttl(100).expect("set_ttl call failed");Run

#### `fn ttl(&self) -> Result<u32>`
1.9.0

Gets the value of the `IP_TTL` option for this socket.

For more information about this option, see `set_ttl`.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_ttl(100).expect("set_ttl call failed");
    assert_eq!(stream.ttl().unwrap_or(0), 100);Run

#### `fn take_error(&self) -> Result<Option<Error>>`
1.9.0

Get the value of the `SO_ERROR` option on this socket.

This will retrieve the stored error in the underlying socket, clearing the field in the process. This can be useful for checking errors between calls.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.take_error().expect("No error was expected...");Run

#### `fn set_nonblocking(&self, nonblocking: bool) -> Result<()>`
1.9.0

Moves this TCP stream into or out of nonblocking mode.

On Unix this corresponds to calling fcntl, and on Windows this corresponds to calling ioctlsocket.

# Examples

    use std::net::TcpStream;

    let stream = TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")
                           .expect("Couldn't connect to the server...");
    stream.set_nonblocking(true).expect("set_nonblocking call failed");Run

## Trait Implementations

### `impl Read for TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>`

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read. Read more

#### `unsafe fn initializer(&self) -> Initializer`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`read_initializer` #42788)

Determines if this `Read`er can work with buffers of uninitialized memory. Read more

#### `fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize>`

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into `buf`. Read more

#### `fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize>`

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into `buf`. Read more

#### `fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<()>`
1.6.0

Read the exact number of bytes required to fill `buf`. Read more

#### `fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where
Self: Sized,`

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Read`. Read more

#### `fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self> where
Self: Sized,`

Transforms this `Read` instance to an `Iterator` over its bytes. Read more

#### `fn chars(self) -> Chars<Self> where
Self: Sized,`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`io` #27802)

the semantics of a partial read/write of where errors happen is currently unclear and may change

Transforms this `Read` instance to an `Iterator` over `char`s. Read more

#### `fn chain<R: Read>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R> where
Self: Sized,`

Creates an adaptor which will chain this stream with another. Read more

#### `fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self> where
Self: Sized,`

Creates an adaptor which will read at most `limit` bytes from it. Read more

### `impl Write for TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>`

Write a buffer into this object, returning how many bytes were written. Read more

#### `fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>`

Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

#### `fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<()>`

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this write. Read more

#### `fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments) -> Result<()>`

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered. Read more

#### `fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where
Self: Sized,`

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Write`. Read more

### `impl<'a> Read for &'a TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize>`

Pull some bytes from this source into the specified buffer, returning how many bytes were read. Read more

#### `unsafe fn initializer(&self) -> Initializer`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`read_initializer` #42788)

Determines if this `Read`er can work with buffers of uninitialized memory. Read more

#### `fn read_to_end(&mut self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> Result<usize>`

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into `buf`. Read more

#### `fn read_to_string(&mut self, buf: &mut String) -> Result<usize>`

Read all bytes until EOF in this source, placing them into `buf`. Read more

#### `fn read_exact(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<()>`
1.6.0

Read the exact number of bytes required to fill `buf`. Read more

#### `fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where
Self: Sized,`

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Read`. Read more

#### `fn bytes(self) -> Bytes<Self> where
Self: Sized,`

Transforms this `Read` instance to an `Iterator` over its bytes. Read more

#### `fn chars(self) -> Chars<Self> where
Self: Sized,`

🔬 This is a nightly-only experimental API. (`io` #27802)

the semantics of a partial read/write of where errors happen is currently unclear and may change

Transforms this `Read` instance to an `Iterator` over `char`s. Read more

#### `fn chain<R: Read>(self, next: R) -> Chain<Self, R> where
Self: Sized,`

Creates an adaptor which will chain this stream with another. Read more

#### `fn take(self, limit: u64) -> Take<Self> where
Self: Sized,`

Creates an adaptor which will read at most `limit` bytes from it. Read more

### `impl<'a> Write for &'a TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>`

Write a buffer into this object, returning how many bytes were written. Read more

#### `fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>`

Flush this output stream, ensuring that all intermediately buffered contents reach their destination. Read more

#### `fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<()>`

Attempts to write an entire buffer into this write. Read more

#### `fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments) -> Result<()>`

Writes a formatted string into this writer, returning any error encountered. Read more

#### `fn by_ref(&mut self) -> &mut Self where
Self: Sized,`

Creates a "by reference" adaptor for this instance of `Write`. Read more

### `impl Debug for TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> Result`

Formats the value using the given formatter.

### `impl AsRawFd for TcpStream`
[src]

#### `fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd`

Extracts the raw file descriptor. Read more

### `impl FromRawFd for TcpStream`
1.1.0
[src]

#### `unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> TcpStream`

Constructs a new instance of `Self` from the given raw file descriptor. Read more

### `impl IntoRawFd for TcpStream`
1.4.0
[src]

#### `fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd`

Consumes this object, returning the raw underlying file descriptor. Read more

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