DateTime::Format::Strptime(3p)

NAME
DateTime::Format::Strptime - Parse and format strp and strf time patterns

VERSION
version 1.54

SYNOPSIS
    use DateTime::Format::Strptime;

    my $strp = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
        pattern   => '%T',
        locale    => 'en_AU',
        time_zone => 'Australia/Melbourne',
    );

    my $dt = $strp->parse_datetime('23:16:42');

    $strp->format_datetime($dt);

    # 23:16:42

    # Croak when things go wrong:
    my $strp = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
        pattern   => '%T',
        locale    => 'en_AU',
        time_zone => 'Australia/Melbourne',
        on_error  => 'croak',
    );

    $newpattern = $strp->pattern('%Q');

    # Unidentified token in pattern: %Q in %Q at line 34 of script.pl

    # Do something else when things go wrong:
    my $strp = DateTime::Format::Strptime->new(
        pattern   => '%T',
        locale    => 'en_AU',
        time_zone => 'Australia/Melbourne',
        on_error  => \&phone_police,
    );

DESCRIPTION
This module implements most of strptime(3), the POSIX function that is the reverse of strftime(3), for "DateTime". While "strftime" takes a "DateTime" and a pattern and returns a string, "strptime" takes a string and a pattern and returns the "DateTime" object associated.

CONSTRUCTOR

•   new( pattern => $strptime_pattern )

    Creates the format object. You must specify a pattern, you can also specify a "time_zone" and a "locale". If you specify a time zone then any resulting "DateTime" object will be in that time zone. If you do not specify a "time_zone" parameter, but there is a time zone in the string you pass to "parse_datetime", then the resulting "DateTime" will use that time zone.

    You can optionally use an on_error parameter. This parameter has three valid options:

    •   'undef'

        (not undef, 'undef', it's a string not an undefined value)

        This is the default behavior. The module will return undef whenever it gets upset. The error can be accessed using the "$object->errmsg" method. This is the ideal behaviour for interactive use where a user might provide an illegal pattern or a date that doesn't match the pattern.

    •   'croak'

        (not croak, 'croak', it's a string, not a function)

        This used to be the default behaviour. The module will croak with an error message whenever it gets upset.

    •   sub{...} or \&subname

        When given a code ref, the module will call that sub when it gets upset. The sub receives two parameters: the object and the error message. Using these two it is possible to emulate the 'undef' behavior. (Returning a true value causes the method to return undef. Returning a false value causes the method to bravely continue):

            sub { $_[0]->{errmsg} = $_[1]; 1 },

METHODS
This class offers the following methods.

•   parse_datetime($string)

    Given a string in the pattern specified in the constructor, this method will return a new "DateTime" object.

    If given a string that doesn't match the pattern, the formatter will croak or return undef, depending on the setting of on_error in the constructor.

•   format_datetime($datetime)

    Given a "DateTime" object, this methods returns a string formatted in the object's format. This method is synonymous with "DateTime"'s strftime method.

•   locale($locale)

    When given a locale or "DateTime::Locale" object, this method sets its locale appropriately. If the locale is not understood, the method will croak or return undef (depending on the setting of on_error in the constructor)

    If successful this method returns the current locale. (After processing as above).

•   pattern($strptime_pattern)

    When given a pattern, this method sets the object's pattern. If the pattern is invalid, the method will croak or return undef (depending on the value of the "on_error" parameter)

    If successful this method returns the current pattern. (After processing as above)

•   time_zone($time_zone)

    When given a name, offset or "DateTime::TimeZone" object, this method sets the object's time zone. This effects the "DateTime" object returned by parse_datetime

    If the time zone is invalid, the method will croak or return undef (depending on the value of the "on_error" parameter)

    If successful this method returns the current time zone. (After processing as above)

•   errmsg

    If the on_error behavior of the object is 'undef', error messages with this method so you can work out why things went wrong.

    This code emulates a $DateTime::Format::Strptime with the "on_error" parameter equal to 'croak':

    "$strp->pattern($pattern) or die $DateTime::Format::Strptime::errmsg"

EXPORTS
There are no methods exported by default, however the following are available:

•   strptime( $strptime_pattern, $string )

    Given a pattern and a string this function will return a new "DateTime" object.

•   strftime( $strftime_pattern, $datetime )

    Given a pattern and a "DateTime" object this function will return a formatted string.

STRPTIME PATTERN TOKENS
The following tokens are allowed in the pattern string for strptime (parse_datetime):

•   %%

    The % character.

•   %a or %A

    The weekday name according to the current locale, in abbreviated form or the full name.

•   %b or %B or %h

    The month name according to the current locale, in abbreviated form or the full name.

•   %C

    The century number (0-99).

•   %d or %e

    The day of month (01-31). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

•   %D

    Equivalent to %m/%d/%y. (This is the American style date, very confusing
    to non-Americans, especially since %d/%m/%y is    widely used in Europe.
    The ISO 8601 standard pattern is %F.)

•   %F

    Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d. (This is the ISO style date)

•   %g

    The year corresponding to the ISO week number, but without the century (0-99).

•   %G

    The year corresponding to the ISO week number.

•   %H

    The hour (00-23). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

•   %I

    The hour on a 12-hour clock (1-12).

•   %j

    The day number in the year (1-366).

•   %m

    The month number (01-12). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

•   %M

    The minute (00-59). This will parse single digit numbers as well.

•   %n

    Arbitrary whitespace.

•   %N

    Nanoseconds. For other sub-second values use "%[number]N".

•   %p

    The equivalent of AM or PM according to the locale in use. (See DateTime::Locale)

•   %r

    Equivalent to %I:%M:%S %p.

•   %R

    Equivalent to %H:%M.

•   %s

    Number of seconds since the Epoch.

•   %S

    The second (0-60; 60 may occur for leap seconds. See DateTime::LeapSecond).

•   %t

    Arbitrary whitespace.

•   %T

    Equivalent to %H:%M:%S.

•   %U

    The week number with Sunday the first day of the week (0-53). The first Sunday of January is the first day of week 1.

•   %u

    The weekday number (1-7) with Monday = 1. This is the "DateTime" standard.

•   %w

    The weekday number (0-6) with Sunday = 0.

•   %W

    The week number with Monday the first day of the week (0-53). The first Monday of January is the first day of week 1.

•   %y

    The year within century (0-99). When a century is not otherwise specified (with a value for %C), values in the range 69-99 refer to years in the twentieth century (1969-1999); values in the range 00-68 refer to years in the twenty-first century (2000-2068).

•   %Y

    The year, including century (for example, 1991).

•   %z

    An RFC-822/ISO 8601 standard time zone specification. (For example +1100) [See note below]

•   %Z

    The timezone name. (For example EST -- which is ambiguous) [See note below]

•   %O

    This extended token allows the use of Olson Time Zone names to appear in parsed strings. NOTE: This pattern cannot be passed to "DateTime"'s "strftime()" method, but can be passed to "format_datetime()".

AUTHOR EMERITUS
This module was created by Rick Measham.

BUGS
Please report any bugs or feature requests to "bug-datetime-format-strptime@rt.cpan.org", or through the web interface at <http://rt.cpan.org>. I will be notified, and then you'll automatically be notified of progress on your bug as I make changes.

SEE ALSO
"datetime@perl.org" mailing list.

http://datetime.perl.org/

perl, DateTime, DateTime::TimeZone, DateTime::Locale

AUTHORS

•   Dave Rolsky <autarch@urth.org>

•   Rick Measham <rickm@cpan.org>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is Copyright (c) 2013 by Dave Rolsky.

This is free software, licensed under:

  The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible)